STUDY OF SOME RISK FACTORS FOR MECONIUN-STAINED AMNIOTIC FLUIO
Keywords:
pregnancy complications, aminiotic fluid, meconiumAbstract
Introduction
The incidence of meconium in amniotic fluid is 8% to 25% of pregnancies. There is a consensus that its presence in amniotic fluid can compromise the pregnancy and puerperal cycle, increasing maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality. The etiology of such an event is not fully known. Some authors believe it to be a physiological phenomenon, while for others the phenomenon occurs due to fetal hypoxia, and a third group accepts both theories.
Objective
The objective of this study was to identify factors related to the presence of meconium in amniotic fluid.
Method
Thus, a retrospective study was carried out with low-risk patients treated at the Hospital e Maternidade Celso Pierro, from January to December 1998. 3158 medical records were analyzed and a final sample of 465 pregnant women was obtained, who were classified into two groups. according to the presence of meconium. Meconium was present in the amniotic fluid in 83 women and absent in another 382. Univariate and multivariate Logistic Regression and Stepwise methods were used for statistical analysis. A p<0.05 was considered as the level of significance.
Results
As a result, it was observed that women's age, parity, number of prenatal consultations, birth weight and placental weight were not associated with the occurrence of meconium. However, gestational age and changes in fetal heartbeat significantly altered this occurrence. With advancing gestational age, the chance of the presence of meconium in the amniotic fluid increased 1.3 times each week. It was found that the chance of meconium in amniotic fluid was 5.4 times higher when fetal heartbeats were abnormal.
Conclusion
The results of this study suggest that maternal age, parity, number of prenatal visits, birth weight and placental weight are not risk factors for passing meconium. On the other hand, increasing gestational age and changes in fetal heartbeat were shown to be statistically significant factors for the passage of meconium.
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