Effects of modified foods on energy metabolism
Keywords:
modified food, complex carbohydrates, energy metabolism, obesityAbstract
Objective
To compare the effects of two diets, which had their carbohydrates profile modified, on the energy metabolism
of two groups of subjects: normal lean men and overweight ones.
Methods
Two isoenergetic meal plans were used, to evaluate their effects in the energy expenditure of thirteen lean,
and thirteen overweight men. Three regular meal preparations and their diet analogous preparations were
used to compound the regular meal and the modified meal, respectively. Indirect calorimetry was used to
estimate the energy expenditure.
Results
Overweight subjects had a higher energy expenditure (p<0.01) and lower thermogenesis (p<0.01) comparing
to lean subjects, independently of the meal tested. Modified meal was higher in complex carbohydrates and,
independently of the group, its consumption caused rest respiratory quotient, rest energy expenditure,
thremogenesis, and carbohydrate oxidation to be greater (p<0.05) than those observed when regular meal
was consumed.
Conclusion
Our results suggest that an isocaloric meal, higher in complex carbohydrate, can increase the respiratory
coefficient, and, consequently, can increase thermogenesis and energy expenditure.
References
World Health Organization. Obesity: prevention and managing the global epidemic. Report of a WHO Consultation on obesity. Geneva; 1998.
McDevitt RM, Poppitt SD, Murgatroyd PR, Prentice AM. Macronutrient disposal during controlled overfeeding with glucose, fructose, sucrose, or fat in lean and obese women. Am J Clin Nutr. 2000; 72(2):369-77.
Drewnowski A, Popkin BM. The nutrition transition: new trends in the global diet. Nutr Rev. 1997; 55(2):231-43.
Agus MSD, Swain JF, Larson CL, Eckert EA, Ludwig DS. Dietary composition and physiologic adaptations to energy restriction. Am J Clin Nutr. 2000; 71(4):901-7.
Flechtner-Mors M, Alt A, Adler G, Ditschuneit HH, Jenkinson CP. Norepinephrine-induced glycerol release from adipose tissue: influence of age and body mass index in obese people. Nutrition. 2001; 17(9):729-31.
Stubbs RJ, Mullen S, Johnstone AM, Rist M, Kracht A, Reid C. How covert are covertly manipulated diets? Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord. 2001; 25(4):567-73.
Goran M. Energy metabolism and obesity. Med Clin North Am. 2000; 84(2):347-62.
Horton TJ, Drougas H, Brachey A, Reed GW, Peters JC, Hill JO. Fat and carbohydrate overfeeding in humans: different effects of energy storage. Am J Clin Nutr. 1995; 62(1):19-29.
Labayen I, Forga L, Martinez JA. Nutrient oxidation and metabolic rate as affected by meals containing different proportions of carbohydrate and fat, in healthy young women. Eur J Nutr. 1999; 38(3):158-66.
Hunter GR, Weinsier RL, Gower BA, Wetzstein C. Age-related decrease in resting energy expenditure in sedentary white women: effects of regional differences in lean and fat mass. Am J Clin Nutr. 2001; 73(2):333-7.
Association of Official Analytical Chemists. The official methods of analysis of the association of official analytical chemists. Washington, DC; 1984.
Blaak EE, Saris WHM. Postprandial thermogenesis and substrate utilization after ingestion of different dietary carbohydrates. Metabolism. 1996; 45(10):1235-42.
Astrup A, Buemann B, Western P, Toubro S, Raben A, Christensen NJ. Obesity as an adaptation to a high-fat diet: evidence from a cross-sectional study. Am J Clin Nutr. 1994; 59(2):350-5.
Valtuena S, Sola R, Salas-Salvado J. A study of the prognostic respiratory markers of sustained weight loss in obese subjects after 28 days on VLCD. Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord. 1997; 21(4):267-73.
Habas ME, Macdonald. Metabolic and cardiovascular responses to liquid and solid test meals. Br J Nutr. 1998; 79:241-7.
Roberts SB, Fuss P, Beyman MB, Young VR. Influence of age on energy requirements. Am J Clin Nutr. 1995; 62:1053-8.
Cooling J, Blundell J. Differences in energy expenditure and substrate oxidation between habitual high fat and low fat consumers (phenotypes). Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord. 1998; 22(7):612-8.
Westerterp-Platenga MS, Wijckmans-Duysens NA, Verboeket-van de Venne WPHG, de Graaf K, Westrate JA, van het Hof KH. Diet-induced thermogenesis and satiety in humans after full-fat and reduced-fat meals. Phys Behav. 1997; 61(2):343-9.
Raben A, MacDonald I, Astrup A. Replacement of dietary fat by sucrose or starch: effects of 14 d adlibitum energy intake, energy expenditure and body weight in formerly obese and never-obese subjects. Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord. 1997; 21(10):846-59.
Schwarz J, Schutz Y, Piolino V, Schneider H, Felber J, Jequier E. Thermogenesis in obese women: effect of fructose vs. glucose added to a meal. Am J Physiol. 1992; 262(4 Pt 1):E394-401.
Raben A, Andersen Helene B, Christensen Niels J, Madsen J, Holst Jens J, Astrup A. Evidence for an abnormal postprandial response to a high-fat meal in women predisposed to obesity. Am J Physiol. 1994; 267(4 Pt1):E549-E59.
Ritz P, Krempf M, Cloarec D, Champ M, Charbonnel B. Comparative continous-indirect-calorimetry study of two carbohydrates with different glycemic indices. Am J Clin Nutr. 1991; 54(4):855-9.
Vasilars TH, Raben A, Astrup A. Twenty-four hours energy expenditure and substrate oxidation before and after 6 months’ ad libitum intake of a diet rich in simple or complex carbohydrates or a habitual diet. Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord. 2001; 25(7):954-65.
Prentice AM, Black AE, Coward WA, Cole TJ. Energy expenditure in overweight and obese adults in affluent societies: an analysis of 319 doubly-labeled water measurements. Eur J Clin Nutr. 1996; 50(2):93-7.
Mela DJ, Rogers PJ. Food, eating and obesity. London: Chapman & Hall; 1998.
Zurlo F, Lillioja S, Puente AED, Nyomba BL, Raz I, Saad MF, et al. Low ratio of fat to carbohydrate oxidation as predictor of weight gain study of 24-H Rq. Am J Physiol. 1991; 259(5 Pt 1):E650-E7.
Rosado EL. Estudo da composição corporal e do metabolismo energético em mulheres normais, obesas e pós-obesas estáveis. Viçosa: Universidade Federal de Viçosa; 1999.
Seidell JC, Muller DC, Sorkin JD, Andres R. Fasting respiratory exchange ratio and resting metabolic rate as predictors of weight gain: the baltimore longitudinal study on aging. Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord. 1992; 16(9):667-74.
Dabbech M, Boulier A, Apfelbaum MD, Aubert R. Thermic effect of meal and fat mass in lean and obese men. Nutr Res. 1996; 16(7):1133-41.
Christin L, Nacht CA, Vernet O, Ravussin E, Jequier E, Acheson KJ. Insulin: its role in the thermic effect of glucose. J Clin Invest. 1986; 77(6):1747-55.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2023 Denise Machado MOURÃO, Josefina Bressan Resende MONTEIRO, elen Hermana Miranda HERMSDORFF, Marta Cristina Leite TEIXEIRA
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
