Estudo do gasto energético por meio da água duplamente marcada
fundamentos, utilização e aplicações
Palavras-chave:
água duplamente marcada, atividade física, gasto energético, obesidade, sub-relatoResumo
A medida do gasto energético total é fundamental em estudos de nutrição e metabolismo. A água duplamente marcada é uma forma de calorimetria indireta que mede precisa e acuradamente o gasto energético total de indivíduos fora de confinamento. Esse método já foi aplicado com diversas finalidades, como medir a demanda energética decorrente de doenças crônicas e da atividade física. Além disso, também foi usada em estudos sobre as conseqüências da desnutrição e a etiologia da obesidade, especialmente demonstrando as diferenças inter-raciais quanto ao gasto energético total. Tal técnica também pode ser utilizada para validar outros métodos de avaliação da prática de atividade física e/ou do gasto energético total. Embora diversos estudos de validação tenham sido conduzidos, nenhum método demonstrou bom desempenho nas estimativas individuais. Finalmente, a água duplamente marcada tem sido amplamente empregada em países desenvolvidos como marcador do consumo energético, validando as estimativas obtidas pelos métodos de avaliação do consumo alimentar. Esse uso também deve ser encorajado em países em desenvolvimento, para que se possa considerar o erro das estimativas de ingestão energética dos métodos de avaliação do consumo alimentar, utilizados nas pesquisas de nutrição humana dessas nações.
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Copyright (c) 2023 Fernanda Baeza SCAGLIUSI, Antonio Herbert LANCHA JÚNIOR
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