Alimentos modificados e suas implicações no metabolismo energético
Palavras-chave:
alimentos modificados, carboidratos complexos, metabolismo energético, obesidadeResumo
Objetivo
Comparar o efeito de duas dietas, modificadas no perfil de seus carboidratos, no metabolismo energético de homens com peso normal e com sobrepeso.
Métodos
Três formulações convencionais e suas formulações correspondentes diet, compuseram as dietas isoenergéticas padrão e a dieta modificada, respectivamente. Utilizou-se a calorimetria indireta, para obtenção dos dados referentes ao metabolismo energético. A amostra foi de 13 homens em cada grupo.
Resultados
O grupo com sobrepeso apresentou um gasto energético superior e uma termogênese inferior (p<0,01) ao grupo com eutróficos, independentemente da dieta. Verificou-se um quociente respiratório de repouso, gasto energético de repouso, termogênese, e oxidação de carboidratos, superior (p<0,05), após o uso de dieta modificada, independentemente do grupo.
Conclusão
Os resultados sugerem que uma dieta isoenergética, com maior quantidade de carboidratos complexos, tende a elevar o quociente respiratório, promovendo, assim, um aumento da termogênese e do gasto energético.
Referências
World Health Organization. Obesity: prevention and managing the global epidemic. Report of a WHO Consultation on obesity. Geneva; 1998.
McDevitt RM, Poppitt SD, Murgatroyd PR, Prentice AM. Macronutrient disposal during controlled overfeeding with glucose, fructose, sucrose, or fat in lean and obese women. Am J Clin Nutr. 2000; 72(2):369-77.
Drewnowski A, Popkin BM. The nutrition transition: new trends in the global diet. Nutr Rev. 1997; 55(2):231-43.
Agus MSD, Swain JF, Larson CL, Eckert EA, Ludwig DS. Dietary composition and physiologic adaptations to energy restriction. Am J Clin Nutr. 2000; 71(4):901-7.
Flechtner-Mors M, Alt A, Adler G, Ditschuneit HH, Jenkinson CP. Norepinephrine-induced glycerol release from adipose tissue: influence of age and body mass index in obese people. Nutrition. 2001; 17(9):729-31.
Stubbs RJ, Mullen S, Johnstone AM, Rist M, Kracht A, Reid C. How covert are covertly manipulated diets? Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord. 2001; 25(4):567-73.
Goran M. Energy metabolism and obesity. Med Clin North Am. 2000; 84(2):347-62.
Horton TJ, Drougas H, Brachey A, Reed GW, Peters JC, Hill JO. Fat and carbohydrate overfeeding in humans: different effects of energy storage. Am J Clin Nutr. 1995; 62(1):19-29.
Labayen I, Forga L, Martinez JA. Nutrient oxidation and metabolic rate as affected by meals containing different proportions of carbohydrate and fat, in healthy young women. Eur J Nutr. 1999; 38(3):158-66.
Hunter GR, Weinsier RL, Gower BA, Wetzstein C. Age-related decrease in resting energy expenditure in sedentary white women: effects of regional differences in lean and fat mass. Am J Clin Nutr. 2001; 73(2):333-7.
Association of Official Analytical Chemists. The official methods of analysis of the association of official analytical chemists. Washington, DC; 1984.
Blaak EE, Saris WHM. Postprandial thermogenesis and substrate utilization after ingestion of different dietary carbohydrates. Metabolism. 1996; 45(10):1235-42.
Astrup A, Buemann B, Western P, Toubro S, Raben A, Christensen NJ. Obesity as an adaptation to a high-fat diet: evidence from a cross-sectional study. Am J Clin Nutr. 1994; 59(2):350-5.
Valtuena S, Sola R, Salas-Salvado J. A study of the prognostic respiratory markers of sustained weight loss in obese subjects after 28 days on VLCD. Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord. 1997; 21(4):267-73.
Habas ME, Macdonald. Metabolic and cardiovascular responses to liquid and solid test meals. Br J Nutr. 1998; 79:241-7.
Roberts SB, Fuss P, Beyman MB, Young VR. Influence of age on energy requirements. Am J Clin Nutr. 1995; 62:1053-8.
Cooling J, Blundell J. Differences in energy expenditure and substrate oxidation between habitual high fat and low fat consumers (phenotypes). Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord. 1998; 22(7):612-8.
Westerterp-Platenga MS, Wijckmans-Duysens NA, Verboeket-van de Venne WPHG, de Graaf K, Westrate JA, van het Hof KH. Diet-induced thermogenesis and satiety in humans after full-fat and reduced-fat meals. Phys Behav. 1997; 61(2):343-9.
Raben A, MacDonald I, Astrup A. Replacement of dietary fat by sucrose or starch: effects of 14 d adlibitum energy intake, energy expenditure and body weight in formerly obese and never-obese subjects. Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord. 1997; 21(10):846-59.
Schwarz J, Schutz Y, Piolino V, Schneider H, Felber J, Jequier E. Thermogenesis in obese women: effect of fructose vs. glucose added to a meal. Am J Physiol. 1992; 262(4 Pt 1):E394-401.
Raben A, Andersen Helene B, Christensen Niels J, Madsen J, Holst Jens J, Astrup A. Evidence for an abnormal postprandial response to a high-fat meal in women predisposed to obesity. Am J Physiol. 1994; 267(4 Pt1):E549-E59.
Ritz P, Krempf M, Cloarec D, Champ M, Charbonnel B. Comparative continous-indirect-calorimetry study of two carbohydrates with different glycemic indices. Am J Clin Nutr. 1991; 54(4):855-9.
Vasilars TH, Raben A, Astrup A. Twenty-four hours energy expenditure and substrate oxidation before and after 6 months’ ad libitum intake of a diet rich in simple or complex carbohydrates or a habitual diet. Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord. 2001; 25(7):954-65.
Prentice AM, Black AE, Coward WA, Cole TJ. Energy expenditure in overweight and obese adults in affluent societies: an analysis of 319 doubly-labeled water measurements. Eur J Clin Nutr. 1996; 50(2):93-7.
Mela DJ, Rogers PJ. Food, eating and obesity. London: Chapman & Hall; 1998.
Zurlo F, Lillioja S, Puente AED, Nyomba BL, Raz I, Saad MF, et al. Low ratio of fat to carbohydrate oxidation as predictor of weight gain study of 24-H Rq. Am J Physiol. 1991; 259(5 Pt 1):E650-E7.
Rosado EL. Estudo da composição corporal e do metabolismo energético em mulheres normais, obesas e pós-obesas estáveis. Viçosa: Universidade Federal de Viçosa; 1999.
Seidell JC, Muller DC, Sorkin JD, Andres R. Fasting respiratory exchange ratio and resting metabolic rate as predictors of weight gain: the baltimore longitudinal study on aging. Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord. 1992; 16(9):667-74.
Dabbech M, Boulier A, Apfelbaum MD, Aubert R. Thermic effect of meal and fat mass in lean and obese men. Nutr Res. 1996; 16(7):1133-41.
Christin L, Nacht CA, Vernet O, Ravussin E, Jequier E, Acheson KJ. Insulin: its role in the thermic effect of glucose. J Clin Invest. 1986; 77(6):1747-55.
Downloads
Publicado
Como Citar
Edição
Seção
Licença
Copyright (c) 2023 Denise Machado MOURÃO, Josefina Bressan Resende MONTEIRO, elen Hermana Miranda HERMSDORFF, Marta Cristina Leite TEIXEIRA
Este trabalho está licenciado sob uma licença Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
