Periodontal disease and obesity
there is a relationship?
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.24220/2318-0897v19n1/6a830Keywords:
Cytokines, Obesity, PeriodonticsAbstract
Periodontal diseases are associated with a specific microbial attack and a
consequent inflammatory and immune response from the host. Systemic diseases
are risk factors for periodontal diseases because they change tissue response.
Obesity has been associated with periodontitis. This paper reviews the literature
to describe and discuss how the relationship between obesity and periodontal disease
was established. Visceral obesity increases plasminogen activator inhibitor-1,
decreasing blood flow in periodontal tissues. The inflammatory response is
altered, becoming a risk for the development of periodontitis. The secretion of
tumor necrosis factor-alpha and interleukins is proportional to waist
circumference, which may make an individual susceptible to chronic inflammatory
diseases, such as periodontitis, if a specific bacterial biofilm is present. Studies
show that there may be a biological association between periodontal disease
and obesity, since obesity affects both the host response and a possible
microbiological relationship. Thus, obese individuals should be treated by a
multidisciplinary team, including a dental surgeon
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