Staphylococcus epidermidis bacteremia in neonates: incidence and risk factors
Keywords:
Bacteremia, Risk factors, lnfant, newborn, Staphylococcus epidermidisAbstract
Objective
To assess the incidence of Staphylococcus epidermidis bacteremia and its association with /ow birth weight, use of central vascular catheter and illness severity score in a Neonatal lntensive Care Unit of a Brazilian university hospital.
Methods
A case-contrai study was conducted at the Neonatal lntensive Care Unit using the Nationa/ Nosocomia/ lnfection 5ystem in the period from January 2004 to December 2005. An individual record was filled out with the patient's demographic, clinica/ and epidemio/ogical data. Positive blood cultures for coagu/ase-negative staphy/ococci were identified in the respective species.
Results
The incidence rate of nosocomial infection defined by mícrobíologícal critería was of 19. 7%, where these infections were represented in their majority by sepses episodes (88.8%). The Coagulase-negative staphylococci bacteremias accounted for 68.8% of these bacteremias, represented by S. epidermidis (97.7%) and S. haemolyticus (2.3%). Low birth weight {,f1,500g), CVC use surgically placed (phlebotomy) and 5NAP value (:;.20) were significant risk factors (p 0.05) for S. epidermidis infection. The S. epidermidis infection rates related to the use of a catheter and its incidence density per 1,000 CVC-days were 18.2% and 37.2%0 for phlebotomy; 6. 6% and 19.8%0 for intracath; 4.3% and 10.2% for peripherally ínserted CVC; 2.5% and 5.5%0 for umbilical, respectívely
Conclusion
The SCoN are responsible for the majority of the sepses episodes in the NICU, represented almost exclusively by S. epidermidis. The risk factors: birth weight ( 1,500g), CVC use (phlebotomy) and illness severity score value (:::20) were associated with these infections.
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References
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