Evolução da Indústria 4.0 para a Indústria 5.0
Avaliação da estrutura concetual e perspectivas de um campo emergente
Palavras-chave:
Inteligência competitiva, Indústria inteligente, Fábrica Inteligente, Manufatura Avançada, Competitividade regionalResumo
O mundo está passando por um processo de transformação sem precedentes provocado pela Quarta Revolução Industrial, também conhecida como Indústria 4.0, e pela pandemia causada principalmente pela COVID-19. A Indústria 4.0 procura transcender dos processos físicos de produção ao ambiente digital, fortalecendo a ligação entre os agentes de produção. Entretanto, a pandemia evidenciou a necessidade de transformar tanto a indústria quanto a forma como ela fomenta o desenvolvimento global. A Quinta Revolução Industrial ou Indústria 5.0 surge neste ponto e estabelece um novo paradigma de desenvolvimento e procura fomentar uma atividade industrial que transcenda os objetivos técnicos ou econômicos, como produtividade e eficiência. A indústria 5.0 fomenta propósitos essenciais para o futuro, que seu predecessor não afirmava claramente. Entretanto, por ser um conceito novo baseado em outro relativamente novo, é complicado identificar os componentes que o distinguem e impulsionam seu desenvolvimento, assim como os agentes mais relevantes em sua consolidação. Neste sentido, ao utilizar técnicas e ferramentas bibliométricas, esta pesquisa analisa a estrutura conceitual da Indústria 5.0, de acordo com sua produtividade, impacto e conteúdo de acordo com a literatura disponível no Scopus. Para isso, recuperamos e analisamos 343 publicações de 2018 a 2022, utilizando SciMAT, o que nos permitiu estabelecer um quadro detalhado de referência sobre as principais linhas de pesquisa, desenvolvimento e inovação relacionadas à Indústria 5.0 e os agentes que a vitalizam.
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