Implementação de Sistemas Agroflorestais como estratégia sustentável para melhorar a disponibilidade de fósforo no cultivo de palma de óleo na Amazônia
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.24220/2675-7885v4e2023a7167Palabras clave:
Agricultura amazônica, Agroecologia, Manejo do soloResumen
O fósforo é um nutriente limitante para a produção agrícola nos trópicos. Na Amazônia, a baixa disponibilidade de fósforo tem afetado a produção agrícola familiar. Os Sistemas Agroflorestais podem ser uma alternativa sustentável e de baixo custo econômico para o fornecimento e manutenção das reservas de fósforo no solo nos sistemas agrícolas amazônicos; porém, existe pouca informação sobre a contribuição dos Sistemas Agroflorestais para a distribuição e labilidade de fósforo nesse ecossistema. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar as frações lábeis e moderadamente lábeis de fósforo (orgânico e inorgânico) no solo em cultivo de palma de óleo (Elaeis guineensis) inserida em dois Sistemas Agroflorestais orgânicos com diferente composição vegetal. As frações de fósforo foram determinadas utilizando o método sequencial de extração. Os resultados mostraram que, além dos Sistemas Agroflorestais não diferirem do cultivo convencional no fornecimento de fósforo lábil, esses sistemas promoveram o aumento de 20% do fornecimento de fósforo mod lábil em relação ao cultivo convencional. A inserção de Sistemas Agroflorestais orgânicos no cultivo de palma de óleo na Amazônia representa um tipo de manejo promissor tanto para o fornecimento de fósforo disponível (lábil) quanto para a manutenção de reservas de fósforo no solo.
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