Aspectos metabólicos e funcionais do zinco na síndrome de Down
Palavras-chave:
estado nutricional, metabolismo, Síndrome de Down, zincoResumo
Este estudo relata os aspectos funcionais do zinco, bem como a participação desse mineral nas alterações metabólicas presentes em indivíduos portadores de Síndrome de Down. A maioria dos trabalhos realizados observou que o estado nutricional relativo ao zinco nesses pacientes está inadequado, com alterações no
sistema antioxidante, imunológico e no metabolismo dos hormônios da tireóide. Estudos in vitro apontam que o zinco participa como cofator da enzima deiodinase tipo II na conversão periférica de Tiroxina em Triiodotironina, e que essa reação está diminuída em indivíduos portadores de Síndrome de Down, o que contribui para a manifestação de distúrbios, como o hipotireoidismo subclínico. As alterações na compartimentalização do zinco no organismo desses indivíduos também favorecem a expressão excessiva da enzima cobre/zinco (Cu/Zn) superóxido dismutase, com aumento do estresse oxidativo, e ainda alterações no sistema imune. Na Síndrome de Down, tem sido demonstrada melhora no metabolismo dos hormônios tireoidianos e na função imune, após a suplementação com zinco. Portanto, o papel metabólico do zinco na Síndrome de Down deve ser mais pesquisado, tendo em vista que esse mineral pode contribuir no controle das alterações metabólicas comumente presentes em indivíduos portadores dessa síndrome.
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