Pacientes hospitalizados estimam adequadamente sua ingestão alimentar? Um estudo piloto transversal
Palavras-chave:
Ingestão alimentar, Avaliação nutricional, Terapia nutricionalResumo
Objetivo
Avaliar e identificar fatores associados à acurácia da estimativa de ingestão alimentar por meio de um instrumento de monitoramento preenchido pelo próprio paciente.
Métodos
O presente estudo transversal incluiu adultos hospitalizados em uso de dietas regulares ou terapêuticas. A porcentagem real de ingestão alimentar foi obtida pela razão entre a ingestão alimentar real e a quantidade servida x100. Os pacientes preencheram um instrumento imagético incluindo nove círculos que representavam pratos de comida em porcentagens (escala crescente de 12,5%) da sua ingestão alimentar no almoço e/ou jantar. O método de Bland-Altman foi usado para avaliar a concordância entre os valores reais e estimados. Também foram avaliadas associações entre variáveis (idade, sexo, dia de hospitalização, prescrição dietética, quantidade de comida servida e porcentagem real de ingestão alimentar) e a acurácia da estimativa de ingestão alimentar (adequada ±10%, superestimada e subestimada) através de regressão logística multinomial univariada.
Resultados
Foram avaliados 96 pacientes (51% homens; 44.0±15.8 anos de idade). A análise de Bland-Altman mostrou boa concordância entre a ingestão alimentar real e estimada. A porcentagem real de ingestão alimentar foi a única variável associada à acurácia da estimativa de ingestão alimentar.
Conclusão
A maioria dos pacientes (~70%) estimaram adequadamente sua ingestão alimentar usando o instrumento imagético testado. Além disso, o único fator associado à acurácia da estimativa de ingestão alimentar foi a porcentagem real de ingestão alimentar. Esses achados fornecem suporte preliminar para a utilidade desse instrumento, porém, é necessário que seja testado em uma amostra representativa de pacientes hospitalizados.
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