Disponibilidade domiciliar e fontes de carotenoides importantes na saúde nos centro urbanos brasileiros segundo a renda em 2017/2018
Palavras-chave:
Disponibilidade de carotenoides, Pesquisa de orçamentos familiares 2017-2018, alimentarResumo
Objetivo
A baixa ingestão de carotenoides está associada à incidência de doenças crônicas não transmissíveis. Dada a grande diversidade e especificidade das estruturas e funções químicas, juntamente com a ampla geodiversidade brasileira, é importante para a saúde examinar a distribuição transversal da disponibilidade de carotenoides. Considerando a renda familiar, os autores calcularam e analisaram a disponibilidade individual e domiciliar de α-caroteno, β-caroteno, β-criptoxantina, licopeno e luteína/zeaxantina de acordo com a renda nos onze maiores centros urbanos brasileiros em 2017-2018.
Métodos
Dados do Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística da última Pesquisa de Orçamentos Familiares sobre aquisições monetárias de alimentos e tabelas de composição de alimentos foram utilizados para calcular os teores individuais de carotenoides de fontes alimentares vegetais e animais.
Resultados
As aquisições familiares de alimentos carotenogênicos mostraram-se insuficientes para a maioria das famílias residentes nesses centros urbanos, com exceção de Salvador, Belém, Belo Horizonte e Porto Alegre, onde algumas fontes de carotenoides-chave alcançaram os grupos de renda mais elevados. Os principais alimentos-fonte de carotenoides identificados foram cenoura e abóbora comum (α-caroteno), abóbora comum, cenoura, cebolinha/salsa, manga e tomate (β-caroteno), mamão, laranja e tangerina (β-criptoxantina), molho de tomate, pasta de tomate, goiaba, melancia e mamão (licopeno) e cebolinha/salsa, couve, ovo, fubá e flocos de milho (luteína/zeaxantina).
Conclusão
Com base na disponibilidade domiciliar de carotenoides específicos estimada no presente estudo, conclui-se que a população não estava razoavelmente bem protegida contra doenças crônicas dada a baixa aquisição de fontes de carotenoides-chave nesses centros urbanos, especialmente entre as classes de renda mais baixa.
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