Consumo alimentar de idosos que moram sozinhos
Inquérito Nacional de Alimentação
Palavras-chave:
Idoso, Ingestão de alimentos, Composição familiar, Inquéritos e QuestionáriosResumo
Objetivo
O presente estudo comparou o consumo alimentar de idosos brasileiros que moram sozinhos com idosos que moram acompanhados.
Métodos
Estudo transversal com idosos, com 60 anos ou mais, participantes do Inquérito Nacional de Alimentação realizado em 2017-2018, com amostra representativa da população brasileira (N=8.336). Morar sozinho foi definido como viver em domicílios unipessoais. O consumo alimentar foi avaliado por meio de recordatório alimentar de 24 horas, sendo estimadas as frequências e intervalos de confiança de 95% (IC 95%) do consumo dos grupos de alimentos e Razões de Prevalência (RP) – segundo condição de moradia – para a população total e estratificado por sexo.
Resultados
A frequência de idosos morando sozinhos foi de 15,8%, sendo maior entre as mulheres comparadas aos homens (17,4% vs. 13,9%). Na análise estratificada por sexo, homens e mulheres que moravam sozinhos apresentaram menor frequência de consumo de café (RP=0,89 e 0,93), gorduras sólidas (RP=0,77 e 0,75) e vegetais folhosos (RP=0,68 e 0,74). Os homens também apresentaram menor consumo de vegetais não folhosos (RP=0,57) e de aves e preparações (RP=0,77) e grãos integrais (RP=0,47), e maior consumo de macarrão (RP=1,32), enquanto as mulheres apresentaram menor consumo de suco de frutas (RP=0,75) e molhos (RP=0,38) em comparação aos idosos que moravam com outras pessoas.
Conclusão
Os idosos que moravam sozinhos consumiam menos alimentos considerados tradicionais para a população brasileira, com características distintas segundo o sexo. É importante ressaltar que a condição de morar sozinho deve ser considerada no planejamento de ações de apoio ao envelhecimento saudável.
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