Locais e ocasiões das refeições e alimentos fontes energia e nutrientes entre adolescentes e jovens adultos
Palavras-chave:
Adolescente, Adulto jovem, Dieta, Alimentação, Estudos TransversalResumo
Objetivo
Este estudo teve como objetivo estimar a ingestão diária de energia e nutrientes de maior preocupação em saúde pública entre adolescentes e jovens adultos, com base nos alimentos fonte, local e tipo de refeição.
Métodos
Este estudo é de delineamento transversal que utilizou dados do Inquérito de Saúde do Município de São Paulo 2015 (ISA-Capital) focado na Nutrição. A amostra compreendeu 707 adolescentes (n=554, 12-19 anos) e adultos jovens (n=153, 20-30 anos). O consumo alimentar foi avaliado por meio do Recordatório Alimentar de 24h (R24H) e a calculou-se as fontes de energia, açúcar de adição, sódio, e gordura saturada. Os alimentos foram classificados pelo sistema de classificação “What We Eat in America?” Os locais de alimentação foram divididos em duas categorias – “em casa” e “fora de casa” – para cada refeição principal (café da manhã, almoço e jantar).
Outras variáveis sociodemográficas e antropométricas foram incluídas. Estatísticas descritivas, teste de Wald e proporções foram aplicadas para análise.
Resultados
A maioria das refeições era consumida em casa por 80,5% dos adolescentes e 66,4% dos adultos jovens. Os adultos jovens consumiam mais calorias diárias e gorduras saturadas do que os adolescentes. Tanto adolescentes, quanto adultos jovens, consumiam majoritariamente ácidos graxos saturados, sódio e, açúcares de adição fora de casa, no jantar. Os alimentos consumidos em casa eram consumidos tanto em casa quanto fora de casa, com a principal exceção do jantar, que consistia, principalmente, em alimentos processados ricos em ácidos graxos saturados, sódio e açúcares de adição consumidos fora de casa.
Conclusão
Adolescentes e adultos jovens apresentaram refeições mais ricas em gordura, açúcares e sódio fora de casa em comparação com aqueles que consomem em casa quando consumidos no jantar. Políticas de saúde pública e estratégias de mudança de comportamento devem ser consideradas independentemente do local onde suas refeições são consumidas, mas com especial atenção ao tipo de refeição.
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Copyright (c) 2025 Vitoria Alexandra da Silva, Ana Carolina Barco Leme, Aline Veroneze de Mello, Laura Apolonio Bertoni, Regina Mara Fisberg
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