Loosening religion. O que torna um artefato “religioso” na história da religião sul-levantina?
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.24220/2447-6803v48a2023e7246Palavras-chave:
Arqueologia da religião, Artefatos religiosos, Conceito de religião, História da religião, Israel, Palestina e JordâniaResumo
As discussões e críticas recentes ao conceito de “religião”, que se intensificaram na arena internacional e iniciaram a “virada reflexiva” nos estudos da religião nos últimos trinta anos, tiveram pouco impacto no campo da história da religião sul-levantina antiga. Enquanto o uso de fontes “extrabíblicas” e a colisão com outras disciplinas desencadearam uma revolução silenciosa no campo com profundas implicações, “religião” continua a ser usado como conceito autoevidente. Como resultado, a atribuição de “religiosidade” a objetos, práticas e estruturas continua propensa a projeções anacrônicas baseadas em um conceito subteorizado de religião e suposto senso comum do objeto. Dentro desse panorama, o artigo discute o que torna um artefato religioso na história da religião sullevantina e classifica estratégias de atribuição de “religiosidade”. Os limites dessas estratégias são ainda discutidos em dois estudos de caso. O artigo, por fim, argumenta que pesquisadores estão perdendo religião (losing religion) por suas estratégias ocidentais restritivas e sugere que, em vez de restringir, pesquisadores continuem afrouxando o conceito de religião (loosening religion).
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